buy custom General Introduction to the Case essay

purchase custom General Introduction to the Case article The case includes Carol Howes, who is a Warden of the Lakeland Correctional Facility in Michigan as the solicitor. Randall Fields who is a detainee at the Lakeland Correctional Facility is the respondent. Randall Fields is condemned to detainment for ten to fifteen years. He is carrying out the punishment under state feelings for criminal sexual lead of an exhaustive round of questioning. As indicated by the request side of the case, two sheriffs agents expelled Randall Fields from his cell without counsel on his Miranda rights. Notwithstanding, Fields was educated that he was at freedom to leave on the off chance that he was not ready to proceed with the cross examination. In any case, the respondent didn't leave or request to be accompanied back to the cell. The candidate contends that a brilliant line Miranda decide that was applied for this situation gives sentenced hoodlums a larger number of rights even than common residents (American Bar Association 12). The applicant further attests that the Court ought to embrace Miranda setting explicit test particularly where detainees are included and in this way ought to return the new splendid line approach of the Sixth Circuit. As per the respondent side of the case, Fields Miranda rights were disregarded since he was not properly educated of these rights before the cross examination and expulsion from the prison as is lawfully anticipated. In spite of the fact that he was educated regarding his freedom to leave on the off chance that he was not ready to proceed with the cross examination, there was quite one to accompany him back to the cell since he was curious about the structure. Randall Fields had no other option however to sit and proceed with the cross examination since there was nobody to accompany him back to the cell. Along these lines, though he was at freedom to leave, this was not sure beyond a shadow of a doubt. This is in opposition to the arrangements of the Fifth Amendment law that ensures the utilization of the splendid line test comparable to cases including custodial cross examinations (American Bar Association 18). The Supreme Court law additionally requires that Miranda rights be given to a detainee expelled from jail populace for cross examination outside the jail and where the officials included are unaffiliated with the jail (American Bar Association 18). The case requires the Supreme Court to decide the materialness of Miranda rights rules and whether Fields was qualified for these rights during his cross examination away from the general jail populace. It likewise includes assurance of whether the Fifth Amendment law completely applies where custodial cross examinations are included (American Bar Association 12). The Supreme Court is in this way to decide if, in accordance with the Fifth Amendment law and the brilliant line Miranda guideline, Fields rights were really disregarded during the cross examination away from the jail populace. Ideological issues in the Case The liberal side of this case would bolster Fields on grounds that he was not educated regarding his Miranda rights even as he was being expelled from the general jail populace for cross examination in the gathering room in curiously odd hour. Despite the fact that he was educated that he had the alternative of leaving back to the prison, one of the agents truly affirmed that thedefendant was not accompanied back to the cell (Dominguez 2011). The liberal side would along these lines bolster the respondent and base their choice in light of the fact that his privileges as accommodated in the Fifth Amendment law and the splendid line test way to deal with Miranda admonitions were disregarded. The preservationist side would support Carol Howes, the candidate by depending on the arrangements of Mathis (American Bar Association 10). The moderates would support Miranda setting explicit test approach for this situation. Hemmes et al (550) places that this arrangement holds that Miranda rights are material however don't explicitly build up that such people in guardianship be naturally qualified for Miranda admonitions each time they are to be examined away from the general jail populace (Brody and Acker 245). Preeminent Courts Possible Ruling For the most part, the Court would receive a liberal choice in its decision. This choice is affected by the arrangement of the Fifth Amendment and the use of the splendid line test way to deal with Miranda rights. Further, the Supreme Court law gives that Miranda rights be given to any prisoner expelled from jail populace for cross examination on events outside the jail and where the officials included are unaffiliated with the jail (American Bar Association 18). This privilege was damaged by the applicant. This clarifies why the choice is probably going to be liberal and for the respondent. Genuine belief about the Case In the appeal case including Carol Howes and Randall Fields, I would decide for the respondent. This is on the grounds that the Sixth Circuits Mathis gives that Miranda alerts must be given at whatever point a law implementation official expels any prisoner from everybody for any custodial cross examinations (Dominguez 2011). Fields was not qualified for the Miranda rights at the hour of his expulsion from the prison. Point of reference and Impact of the Case The point of reference for this situation is established on the general arrangements for Miranda rights. On account of Oregon and Mathiason, 429 U.S. 494 (1977), the court considering Mathis, concluded that Miranda standard is totally relevant dependent on the splendid line approach in the settings where cross examination of a detainee happens in a setting ceaselessly from the jail populace (American Bar Association 21). In Oregon versus Mathiason, the Court unequivocally expressed that Miranda rights are entirely material where there is limitation on a detainees opportunity and where the cross examination is coercive. This was the equivalent on account of Fields versus Howes. In this regard, the job of gaze decisis will be exceptionally basic in the Supreme Courts choice for this situation. The Court will likewise depend on the consequences of the point of reference case including Rhodes Island versus Innis, 446 U.S. 291, 301 (1980). For this situation, the Court was to settle on an issue where there was question between use of splendid line test rule and the relevant test way to deal with Miranda arrangements (Hemmes et al 550). For this situation the Court concluded that the coerciveness of the cross examination condition is a different inquiry from the issue including authority. Therrefore, where the detainee is as of now in authority, the brilliant line way to deal with Miranda is appropriate in accordance with the arrangements of the Fifth Amendment law that the Supreme Court alludes to in instances of a comparable sort (Brody and Acker 245-246). Thinking about the point of reference and assessing the effect of this case, United States versus Menzer of 1994 could be utilized as a source of perspective. For this situation, the officials that were doing the cross examinations endeavored to guarantee that the cross examinations were as non-coercive as could be expected under the circumstances. The prisoner was additionally given the choice to choose whether or not he needed to meet the officials for cross examinations (Brody and Acker 245-246). This is the reason the Court decided for the applicant. On the opposite Fields was not allowed this right. His cross examination was straightforwardly coercive. This clarifies why the Supreme Court must not go on the opposite in light of the point of reference cases and the gaze decisis. The point of reference cases and the job of gaze decisis would be basic in deciding the result of this case. This is on the grounds that on a basic level, the Supreme Court doesn't negate itself. The arrangement of Sixth Circuit that holds that standard addressing doesn't require guidance on the rights would in this way be disregarded for this situation (American Bar Association 32). Rather, the Court would allude to Mathis and the Fifth Amendment law as the controlling point of reference for this situation. The result of this case would be exceptionally basic particularly regarding setting priority for the future cases including cross examination of detainees and where the Miranda cautioning arrangements are included. In addition, it will be extremely critical particularly considering the way that brilliant line and Miranda setting explicit test approaches have been packed by contrasts in understanding in the lower Courts. The choice of the Supreme Court in Fields versus Howes would in this manner be utilized as a referent case to manage future decisions in cases including privileges of detainees that are being cross examined away from the general jail populace. Significance of the Case to Class Learning Context The case is pertinent to the course content as it includes assurance of infringement of Miranda rights or the nonappearance of the equivalent. It is further fascinating to investigate how this interfaces with the arrangements of the Fifth Amendment law that aides cases including custodial cross examinations. The Fifth Amendment law strengthens the splendid line test and Miranda standards as it identifies with custodial cross examinations. In this way, appropriate contemplations must be made to enable an individual to comprehend and misuse all the benefits that the case settings give. Fields was not ensured this privilege and benefit during his cross examination. The Fifth Amendment law likewise gives that the respondent in a custodial case be made mindful of the option to stay quiet in the cross examination process. This is very logical for this situation particularly thinking about that Randall Fields was not totally given this right. This is in spite of the reality the Fifth Amendment and the arrangement of Miranda notice and rights defends his privileges since he is in legitimate guardianship until he has completely served his ten to multi year sentence. Purchase custom General Introduction to the Case article

Anders Celsius - Centigrade Scale and Thermometer

Anders Celsius - Centigrade Scale and Thermometer In 1742, Swedish cosmologist, Anders Celsius created the Celsius temperature scale, which was named after the designer. Celsius Temperature Scale The Celsius temperature scale is additionally alluded to as the centigrade scale. Centigrade methods comprising of or separated into 100 degrees. The Celsius scale, designed by Swedish Astronomer Anders Celsius (1701-1744), has 100 degrees between the point of solidification (0 C) and breaking point (100 C) of unadulterated water adrift level pneumatic force. The term Celsius was embraced in 1948 by a worldwide meeting on loads and measures. Anders Celsius Anders Celsius was conceived in Uppsala, Sweden in 1701, where he succeeded his dad as teacher of space science in 1730. It was there that he manufactured Swedens first observatory in 1741, the Uppsala Observatory, where he was named the chief. He formulated the centigrade scale or Celsius size of temperature in 1742. He was additionally noted for his advancement of the Gregorian schedule, and his perceptions of the aurora borealis. In 1733, his assortment of 316 perceptions of the aurora borealis was distributed and in 1737 he partook in the French campaign sent to gauge one level of the meridian in the polar areas. In 1741, he coordinated the structure of Swedens first observatory. One of the significant inquiries of that time was the state of the Earth. Isaac Newton had suggested that the Earth was not totally circular, but instead leveled at the posts. Cartographic estimating in France recommended that it was the opposite way around - the Earth was stretched at the shafts. In 1735, one undertaking cruised to Ecuador in South America, and another campaign made a trip to Northern Sweden. Celsius was the main expert cosmologist on that campaign. Their estimations appeared to show that the Earth really was leveled at the shafts. Anders Celsius was an innovator and stargazer as well as a physicist. He and a right hand found that the Aurora Borealis had an effect on compass needles. Nonetheless, what put him on the map is his temperature scale, which he dependent on the bubbling and dissolving purposes of water. This scale, an upset type of Celsius unique structure, was embraced as the norm and is utilized in practically all logical work. Anders Celsius kicked the bucket in 1744, at 42 years old. He had begun numerous other research extends yet completed not many of them. Among his papers was a draft of a sci-fi novel, arranged halfway on the star Sirius.

Academic Writing vs Professional Writing

Academic Writing vs Professional Writing The Difference Between Academic Writing and Professional Writing The Difference Between Academic Writing and Professional Writing Academic writing and professional writing are extremely different, and you will likely encounter both of these styles at different points in your life. While you are in university, academic writing will take up most of your assignments. However, when it comes time to graduate, you may find it’s time to sharpen those professional writing skills. If you’re taking business courses, it’s also likely that you’ve already encountered these different techniques. So what exactly sets these two styles apart? We’re ready to help you distinguish between the two and maximize your full potential every step of your journey. You Have Different Goals in Academic Writing vs. Professional Writing One of the biggest differences is that academic writing is done mostly to showcase your research and expertise in a specific area or topic of interest, while professional writing is often done to influence or convince someone of something. Usually, you would write a professional document in a business setting to project an idea to colleagues or propose a project. Different People Are Listening Your audience is typically different in both of these situations. Academic writing is done for academia: professors, fellow students, researchers, and industry experts such as scientists or historians. Professional writing is targeted to colleagues, businesspeople, managers, and sometimes clients. Tone of Voice Can Change Professional documents can be written in a different tone than academic works because you have a little more wiggle room to present your ideas. For example, most academic papers are written in third person narrative, while professional writing can sometimes be written in first person depending on the specific situation or context. Active and Passive Voice Your academic paper will often be written for someone who has more time on their hands to go through and read your arguments. Therefore, your sentences can be longer and use passive voice for these documents. However, for most professional documents, your audience likely has many other reports or papers to read and will skim through for the main points. This means that your sentences should be shorter, more to the point, and in the active voice. Get Help With Any Writing Style Whether you need help with academic writing or professional writing, we have a team that’s ready to jump in and give you the support you need. All of our writers are highly experienced with years of practice getting the right techniques down to help you ace all of your classes and assignments. Get a quote now to stay ahead of the game on all of your papers and documents. References: Taylor, P. (2015). Differences between academic and professional/business writing. LinkedIn. Retrieved from . Academic Writing vs Professional Writing The Difference Between Academic Writing and Professional Writing The Difference Between Academic Writing and Professional Writing Academic writing and professional writing are extremely different, and you will likely encounter both of these styles at different points in your life. While you are in university, academic writing will take up most of your assignments. However, when it comes time to graduate, you may find it’s time to sharpen those professional writing skills. If you’re taking business courses, it’s also likely that you’ve already encountered these different techniques. So what exactly sets these two styles apart? We’re ready to help you distinguish between the two and maximize your full potential every step of your journey. You Have Different Goals in Academic Writing vs. Professional Writing One of the biggest differences is that academic writing is done mostly to showcase your research and expertise in a specific area or topic of interest, while professional writing is often done to influence or convince someone of something. Usually, you would write a professional document in a business setting to project an idea to colleagues or propose a project. Different People Are Listening Your audience is typically different in both of these situations. Academic writing is done for academia: professors, fellow students, researchers, and industry experts such as scientists or historians. Professional writing is targeted to colleagues, businesspeople, managers, and sometimes clients. Tone of Voice Can Change Professional documents can be written in a different tone than academic works because you have a little more wiggle room to present your ideas. For example, most academic papers are written in third person narrative, while professional writing can sometimes be written in first person depending on the specific situation or context. Active and Passive Voice Your academic paper will often be written for someone who has more time on their hands to go through and read your arguments. Therefore, your sentences can be longer and use passive voice for these documents. However, for most professional documents, your audience likely has many other reports or papers to read and will skim through for the main points. This means that your sentences should be shorter, more to the point, and in the active voice. Get Help With Any Writing Style Whether you need help with academic writing or professional writing, we have a team that’s ready to jump in and give you the support you need. All of our writers are highly experienced with years of practice getting the right techniques down to help you ace all of your classes and assignments. Get a quote now to stay ahead of the game on all of your papers and documents. References: Taylor, P. (2015). Differences between academic and professional/business writing. LinkedIn. Retrieved from .

JUNG Surname Meaning and Origin

The Jung  surname means young, and was often used to distinguish the younger of two men with the same name, such as a son from a father or the younger of two cousins. It derives from the German word jung, from the Middle High German junc, meaning young. YOUNG is the English variant of the surname, while JAROS is found in Poland. According to Dictionary of American Family Names, Jung can also be a variant of the Chinese name Rong, or Korean name Chong. It is a common surname in both countries. Surname Origin: German, Chinese, Korean Alternate Surname Spellings:  JUNK, YUNG, YONG, YOUNG, YOUNGE, JAROS Where in the World is the JUNG Surname Found? The Jung surname is most common in Germany, according to WorldNames PublicProfiler, especially in the states of Saarland and Rheinland-Pfalz, followed by Hessen and  Thà ¼ringen. Other top regions for Jung include Alsace, France, and Grevenmacher, Luxembourg. Surname distribution maps at Forebears identify Jung as the 5th most common surname in South Korea, the 35th most common surname in North Korea, and the 39th most common surname in Germany. It is also the 10th most common last name in Thailand. Famous People with the Last Name JUNG Carl C.G. Jung - Swiss psychiatrist, founder of analytical psychologyChan Sung Jung - Korean MMA fighterRudolf Jung - instrumental force of Austrian National Socialism; member of the Nazi partyJohann Heinrich Jung - German author who wrote under the name Heinrich Stilling Genealogy Resources for the Surname JUNG How to Trace Your German AncestryLearn how to trace your German roots back to the old country and beyond, from gathering information on your family to locating your ancestors German hometown to accessing vital records, passenger records and church records in Germany. German Genealogy Databases and Online RecordsResearch your German family tree online in this collection of online German genealogy databases and records.   Jung Family Genealogy ForumSearch this popular genealogy forum for the Jung surname to find others who might be researching your ancestors, or post your own Jung query. FamilySearch - JUNG GenealogyExplore over 9 million historical records and lineage-linked family trees posted for the Jung surname and its variations on the free FamilySearch website, hosted by the Church of Jesus Christ of Latter-day Saints. The Jung Genealogy and Family Tree PageBrowse genealogy records and links to genealogical and historical records for individuals with the Jung last name from the website of Genealogy Today. References: Surname Meanings OriginsCottle, Basil. Penguin Dictionary of Surnames. Baltimore, MD: Penguin Books, 1967.Menk, Lars. A Dictionary of German Jewish Surnames. Avotaynu, 2005.Beider, Alexander. A Dictionary of Jewish Surnames from Galicia. Avotaynu, 2004.Hanks, Patrick and Flavia Hodges. A Dictionary of Surnames. Oxford University Press, 1989.Hanks, Patrick. Dictionary of American Family Names. Oxford University Press, 2003.Smith, Elsdon C. American Surnames. Genealogical Publishing Company, 1997.

Essay on Mesoamerican Astronomy - 2289 Words

Introduction For centuries, people from all latitudes have been fascinated by the night sky. The unreachable stars, the Moon, the comets and all the events happening in the sky, fired up imaginations and became symbols of life and death, of war, peace and the passing of time and the seasons. The movement of the stars was used to establish the time for planting and harvesting, to prepare for the long winters and to try to discover the future and destiny, the eternal unknown destiny of the human race. Three large human groups, the Mayans, the Aztecs and the Zapotecs populated the Central and Southeastern regions of Mexico long before the discovery of the continent by Columbus. These ancient cultures developed a very complex knowledge of†¦show more content†¦They produced a very accurate 360 day long calendar they used to measure long periods of time. Developing an extended astronomical knowledge was not very easy because their astronomers did all their observations with the naked eye. Ho wever, they were able to do all kinds of incredibly precise astronomical measurements and calculate the seasons, the solstices and eclipses. They did all this by following the patterns of the movements of planets and stars, observing the shadows cast by the Sun, and using some rudimentary instruments. The practice of astronomy was relegated to the ilhuica tlamatilizmatini, or wise man who studies heaven. These priest-astronomers had a great amount of power, given the fact that they could essentially predict the future. (Welser-Sherrill) II - Planets, Stars, the Moon and the Sun. Venus. The Mayans gave great importance to the planet Venus; they recorded its transit across the sky and used this information to create the Dresden Codex which contains the data for the full circle of this planet. The Mayans counted five repetitions of the cycle of Venus, each one with a length of 584 days, which correspond to approximately 8 years. In the Mayan mythology, Venus is the companion of the sun. The observed that Venus is always close to the sun in the sky, rising before sunrise as morning star or after sunset as evening star. Venus was so important to the Mayans that they decided some of their wars based some positions of Venus andShow MoreRelatedThe Decline Of The Mayan Civilization1196 Words   |  5 Pagesother significant parts of the world. Mayan civilization lasted for more than 2,000 years, but the period from about 300 A.D. to 900 A.D., known as the Classic Period, was its heyday. During that time, the Maya developed a complex understanding of astronomy. They also figured out how to grow corn, beans, squash and cassava in sometimes-inhospitable places; how to build elaborate cities without modern machinery; how to communicate with one another using one of the world’s first written languages; andRead MoreThe Rise And Fall Of The Mayan Civilization1018 Words   |  5 Pagesnorthern Central America and southern Mexico cultures developed complex political and social ranks. Researchers today know this region as Mesoamerica, known for its rich soil, abundant amount of rainfall, and agriculture. (Judge Langdon, 2012) The Mesoamericans, Aztec and Mayan tribes, developed into complex civilizations for multiple reasons. These societies were advanced and complex for their time in areas, such as architecture, agricultur e, militarism, and education. Each had unique religion and politicalRead MoreThe Aztecs And The Incas1135 Words   |  5 Pageswere a powerful and advanced civilization that were created separately from the Western European civilizations and did an amazing job doing so. Just like many other Ancient Civilizations the night sky plays a significant role in their society. Astronomy, Religion, culture and architecture are all aligned the stars. Both the Aztecs and the Maya originated in what is now the southern part of Mexico and other parts of Central America. The Maya are the predecessors of the Aztecs and much of theirRead MoreMaya Collapse1895 Words   |  8 Pagescontinent of Christopher Columbus in 1492, one of the greatest civilizations was uncovered: the Mayan empire. As stated in â€Å"Maya civilization† (n.d), the Maya is a Mesoamerican civilization which is not only notably well-known for its written language system but also being famous for many achievements in art, architecture, mathematics and astronomy. Although the Maya civilization lasted for a long period of time from the Pre-classic period to the Post-classic period until now, its prosperous time happenedRead MoreThe Mesoamerican City Of Teotihuacan1519 Words   |  7 PagesThe Mesoamerican city of Teotihuacan which is located northeast of present day Mexico City is known for being one of largest and most advanced urban centres in the ancient w orld. For centuries, tourists have been captivated by the ancient site of Teotihuacan that acts as the home to impressive pyramids, an influential culture and many secrets that even archaeologists today have been unable to discover. Archeologists, historians, and scholars have been surveying and excavating the Teotihuacan siteRead MoreThe Mayan Culture1090 Words   |  4 PagesMayan culture was one of the most complex civilizations of the Mesoamerican societies. Mayans are well-known for their refined mathematical and astronomical system, monumental architecture, and astonishing artworks. I will not focus on specific artwork and writing but the context in general. I have obtained great facts upon Mayan culture and writings. The ingenuous data that I will be discussing can be found in the book titled â€Å"The Hidden Maya†, a short text consisting of veiled information uponRead MoreThe Mayan Civilization And The Maya Empire1677 Words   |  7 PagesYucatan Peninsula and modern-day Guatemala; Belize and parts of the Mexican states of Tabasco and Chiapas; and the western part of Honduras and El Salvador. This concentration showed that the Maya remained relatively secure from invasion by other Mesoamerican peoples. Within that expanse, the Maya lived in three separate sub-areas with distinct environmental and cultural differences: the northern Maya lowlands on the Yucatan Peninsula; the southern lowlands in the Peten district of northern GuatemalaRead MoreAnalysis Of The Book 1491 By Charles C. Mann1823 Words   |  8 Pagesthan we estimated them to be. First, Mann illustrates that the early Mesoamerican societies had developed extremely accurate calendars based on astronomy. For example, â€Å"In Mesoamerica, timekeeping provided the stimulus that accounting gave to the Middle East. Like contemporary astrologers, the Olmec, Maya, and Zapotec believed that celestial phenomena like the phases of the moon and Venus affect daily life. Strikingly, Mesoamerican societies developed three calendars: a 365-day secular calendar likeRead MoreThe Inspirations from the Mayan Ballgame1515 Words   |  7 PagesThe Pre-Columbian peoples of the Mesoamerican area are a population that has since fascinated historians and archaeologists to this day. Exploration and investigation has brought to light the great advancements these civilizations made in the areas of art, technology, and even astronomy. By means of examining and analyzing the remains, the massive structures and artifacts left behind by the early people of these civilizations, we have come to know of their rich culture and traditions. One groupRead MoreQuetzalcoatl1982 Words   |  8 PagesQuetzalcoatl is commonly illus trated as a great-feathered serpent in the art and architecture of various tribes and cultures involved in the worship of the deity. As far as symbolism is concerned, the image of Quetzalcoatl bears comparison to the classic Mesoamerican mythical creature known as the Celestial Dragon, which symbolizes the heritage and culture of both American Indian and Chicano, especially during the 1970s. The ancient feathered deity is characterized by the hybrid attributes of a bird and a reptile;

Roles and responsibilities of leaders Free Essays

Management and leadership go hand in hand for effective running of activities and processes within the organization. As brilliantly put by many authors, success can never be achieved in any organization without the engagement of a good leader who is able to restructure, solve problems and guide other employees within their organizations. Previous it has been strongly suggested that leadership and management approaches within an organization affect the way service provision is delivered and eventually the performance and success within the organization. We will write a custom essay sample on Roles and responsibilities of leaders or any similar topic only for you Order Now Excellency in leadership always starts with the leader and the way he treats those under his management, communication is the most crucial and delegation of power to the rest of the members of the organization, responsibilities should be entrusted to the rest of the staff in the organization so that they can always be part of the solution to matters pertaining the organization. (Newstrom, 1997) The term leadership entails the motivation of people or a team in order to achieve certain organizational goals and objectives. One of the main roles for leaders is to influence the people they lead through incentives, promotions, discipline, dynamics and teamwork with the aim of attaining and maintaining a healthy organizational culture.   Leaders have the responsibility of being participative, supportive, directive and more importantly achievement adjusted with a view to defining certain tasks for their followers (Newstrom, 1997). Many organizations require that their leaders design work agenda for their followers and get concerned with their aspirations, feelings, achievements, problems and outside environment in order to centre all interests to the organization. For a perfectly healthy organization, the leader has to be the servant of the workers in the sense that, he always listens to the workers and do as they want the work done because usually they are the people who are at the ground and they tend to understand the organization better than the leader, so its up to the leader to see that he communicates perfectly with his staff in matters pertaining enhancement of the organization.  Ã‚   (Conger and Pearce, 2003) In every organization, leadership is crucial for maintaining a healthy organizational culture within itself. The main role that a leader is entitled to undertake is to plan, control and direct other individuals to perform specific tasks within the organization. Organizational culture usually entail the –lets work together- spirit whereby the organization behaves like a ‘society’ where there   are values, norms and rules which   all individuals adhere to. Since these are people who work together under the guidance of their leaders, certain beliefs are entrenched in their lives which give birth to encouragement and enthusiasm thus a healthy organizational culture. Leaders therefore utilize a healthy organizational culture to balance work life chores in order to achieve the best form the employees. (Conger and Pearce, 2003) The most important and powerful resources within any organization are the leaders. These are the people who are responsible for influencing the way the organizational culture and climate is modeled. They either create good or bad working environments and thus they are able to determine the development agenda for the organization (Newstrom, 1997). Good management culture starts with a good understanding of effective communication i.e. politeness and patience; Previous research has indicated that employees tend to work better when cherished up by leaders who are up to the task. However, due to diversity, lack of training, lack of motivation, diversification among today’s leaders and lack of definite systems to govern leadership today, there has been slow improvement and many organizations have been failed by their leaders. Reference Conger, J.A., and Pearce, C.L. (2003): Shared Leadership: Reframing the Hows and Whys of Leadership. Thousand Oaks, CA: Sage Publications Newstrom, W. (1997): Organizational Behavior; Human Behavior at Work; New York: McGraw-Hill How to cite Roles and responsibilities of leaders, Essay examples

Roles and responsibilities of leaders Free Essays

Management and leadership go hand in hand for effective running of activities and processes within the organization. As brilliantly put by many authors, success can never be achieved in any organization without the engagement of a good leader who is able to restructure, solve problems and guide other employees within their organizations. Previous it has been strongly suggested that leadership and management approaches within an organization affect the way service provision is delivered and eventually the performance and success within the organization. We will write a custom essay sample on Roles and responsibilities of leaders or any similar topic only for you Order Now Excellency in leadership always starts with the leader and the way he treats those under his management, communication is the most crucial and delegation of power to the rest of the members of the organization, responsibilities should be entrusted to the rest of the staff in the organization so that they can always be part of the solution to matters pertaining the organization. (Newstrom, 1997) The term leadership entails the motivation of people or a team in order to achieve certain organizational goals and objectives. One of the main roles for leaders is to influence the people they lead through incentives, promotions, discipline, dynamics and teamwork with the aim of attaining and maintaining a healthy organizational culture.   Leaders have the responsibility of being participative, supportive, directive and more importantly achievement adjusted with a view to defining certain tasks for their followers (Newstrom, 1997). Many organizations require that their leaders design work agenda for their followers and get concerned with their aspirations, feelings, achievements, problems and outside environment in order to centre all interests to the organization. For a perfectly healthy organization, the leader has to be the servant of the workers in the sense that, he always listens to the workers and do as they want the work done because usually they are the people who are at the ground and they tend to understand the organization better than the leader, so its up to the leader to see that he communicates perfectly with his staff in matters pertaining enhancement of the organization.  Ã‚   (Conger and Pearce, 2003) In every organization, leadership is crucial for maintaining a healthy organizational culture within itself. The main role that a leader is entitled to undertake is to plan, control and direct other individuals to perform specific tasks within the organization. Organizational culture usually entail the –lets work together- spirit whereby the organization behaves like a ‘society’ where there   are values, norms and rules which   all individuals adhere to. Since these are people who work together under the guidance of their leaders, certain beliefs are entrenched in their lives which give birth to encouragement and enthusiasm thus a healthy organizational culture. Leaders therefore utilize a healthy organizational culture to balance work life chores in order to achieve the best form the employees. (Conger and Pearce, 2003) The most important and powerful resources within any organization are the leaders. These are the people who are responsible for influencing the way the organizational culture and climate is modeled. They either create good or bad working environments and thus they are able to determine the development agenda for the organization (Newstrom, 1997). Good management culture starts with a good understanding of effective communication i.e. politeness and patience; Previous research has indicated that employees tend to work better when cherished up by leaders who are up to the task. However, due to diversity, lack of training, lack of motivation, diversification among today’s leaders and lack of definite systems to govern leadership today, there has been slow improvement and many organizations have been failed by their leaders. Reference Conger, J.A., and Pearce, C.L. (2003): Shared Leadership: Reframing the Hows and Whys of Leadership. Thousand Oaks, CA: Sage Publications Newstrom, W. (1997): Organizational Behavior; Human Behavior at Work; New York: McGraw-Hill How to cite Roles and responsibilities of leaders, Essay examples

Amy Tan Biography Essay Example For Students

Amy Tan Biography Essay Amy Tan was born in 1952, in Oakland, California to Chinese immigrants John and Daisy Tan. Her family eventually settled in Santa Clara. When Tan was in her early teens, her father and one of her brothers died of brain tumors within months of each other. During this period Tan learned that her mother had been married before, to an abusive husband in China. After divorcing him, her mother fled China during the Communist takeover, leaving three daughters behind who she would not see again for nearly forty years. After losing her husband and son, Daisy moved her family to Switzerland where Tan finished high school. During these years, mother and daughter argued over what Tan should do in college and afterwards. Tan eventually followed a boyfriend to attend college in San Jose, where she earned Bachelors and Masters degrees in English and linguistics, despite her mothers wish that she study medicine. After Tan married her boyfriend, Lou DeMattei, she began to pursue a Ph.D. in linguistics, but she abandoned this endeavor to work with developmentally disabled children. Later, Tan struck out as a freelance business writer. Although she was successful, writing for corporate executives did not fulfill Tan. She began to write fiction as a creative release. Meanwhile, her mother suffered a serious illness. Tan resolved to take a trip to China with her mother if she recovered. In 1987, after Daisy Tan returned to health, they traveled to China to visit the three daughters that Daisy had not seen for several decades and the three sisters Tan had never met. The trip provided Tan with a new perspective on her mother, and it proved to be the key inspiration for her first book, The Joy Luck, a collection of sixteen interlocking stories about the conflicts between Chinese immigrant mothers and their American-raised daughters. Soon after its publication in 1989, The Joy Luck Club garnered enthusiastic reviews, and it remained on the New York Times bestseller list for more than six months. It won both the National Book Award and the L.A. Times Book Award in 1989. Tan continues to publish popular works. She often emphasizes that she writes primarily to create a work of art, not to portray the Chinese-American experience, that her bicultural upbringing is the source of inspiration for her work, not the end product. Kaitlin Stump Contemporary Literature Amy Tan The Joy Luck Club The Joy Luck Club contain stories about conflicts between Chinese immigrant mothers and their American-raised daughters. The book mainly talked About Jing-meis trip to China to meet her half-sisters, Chwun Yu and Chwun Hwa. Jing-meis mother, Suyuan, was forced to leave her twin babies on the roadside during her flee from the Japanese invasion of Kweilin. Suyuan intended to recover her children, but she failed to find them before her death. Finally, a after her mothers life long search her mother received a letter from the two lost daughters. After Suyuans death, her mothers three friends in the Joy  Luck Club, a weekly mahjong party that Suyuan started in China and later revived in San Francisco, urge Jing-mei to travel to China and tell her sisters about their mothers life. But Jing-mei wonders whether she is capable of telling her mothers story. Lindo, Ying-ying, and An-mei, members of The Joy Luck Club, do fear that Jing-mei might be right and that their own daughters may not really know them either. The book tells different stories of each characters life, and in each story teaches a lesson or tells of the Chinese culture. For example, Chapter Two talks about An-meis grandmother raising her because she disproved of An-meis mother becoming a concubine. When Popo, An-meis mother is on her death bead, An-meis mother makes a soup and cuts a chunk of her skin off her arm and mixes it in with the soup out of respect for her mother although they didnt get along. In Chapter Three it speaks of how Lindo was promised in marriage to Huang Tyan-yu when she was only two years old. They married when Lindo was sixteen years old, but the candle that is supposed to stay lit all night in order to symbolize lifelong loyalty even if her husband were to die was distinguished during the night so they were able to annul the marriage. .u0d484f727e57c3f776a7417c4b5a9ef5 , .u0d484f727e57c3f776a7417c4b5a9ef5 .postImageUrl , .u0d484f727e57c3f776a7417c4b5a9ef5 .centered-text-area { min-height: 80px; position: relative; } .u0d484f727e57c3f776a7417c4b5a9ef5 , .u0d484f727e57c3f776a7417c4b5a9ef5:hover , .u0d484f727e57c3f776a7417c4b5a9ef5:visited , .u0d484f727e57c3f776a7417c4b5a9ef5:active { border:0!important; } .u0d484f727e57c3f776a7417c4b5a9ef5 .clearfix:after { content: ""; display: table; clear: both; } .u0d484f727e57c3f776a7417c4b5a9ef5 { display: block; transition: background-color 250ms; webkit-transition: background-color 250ms; width: 100%; opacity: 1; transition: opacity 250ms; webkit-transition: opacity 250ms; background-color: #95A5A6; } .u0d484f727e57c3f776a7417c4b5a9ef5:active , .u0d484f727e57c3f776a7417c4b5a9ef5:hover { opacity: 1; transition: opacity 250ms; webkit-transition: opacity 250ms; background-color: #2C3E50; } .u0d484f727e57c3f776a7417c4b5a9ef5 .centered-text-area { width: 100%; position: relative ; } .u0d484f727e57c3f776a7417c4b5a9ef5 .ctaText { border-bottom: 0 solid #fff; color: #2980B9; font-size: 16px; font-weight: bold; margin: 0; padding: 0; text-decoration: underline; } .u0d484f727e57c3f776a7417c4b5a9ef5 .postTitle { color: #FFFFFF; font-size: 16px; font-weight: 600; margin: 0; padding: 0; width: 100%; } .u0d484f727e57c3f776a7417c4b5a9ef5 .ctaButton { background-color: #7F8C8D!important; color: #2980B9; border: none; border-radius: 3px; box-shadow: none; font-size: 14px; font-weight: bold; line-height: 26px; moz-border-radius: 3px; text-align: center; text-decoration: none; text-shadow: none; width: 80px; min-height: 80px; background: url(https://artscolumbia.org/wp-content/plugins/intelly-related-posts/assets/images/simple-arrow.png)no-repeat; position: absolute; right: 0; top: 0; } .u0d484f727e57c3f776a7417c4b5a9ef5:hover .ctaButton { background-color: #34495E!important; } .u0d484f727e57c3f776a7417c4b5a9ef5 .centered-text { display: table; height: 80px; padding-left : 18px; top: 0; } .u0d484f727e57c3f776a7417c4b5a9ef5 .u0d484f727e57c3f776a7417c4b5a9ef5-content { display: table-cell; margin: 0; padding: 0; padding-right: 108px; position: relative; vertical-align: middle; width: 100%; } .u0d484f727e57c3f776a7417c4b5a9ef5:after { content: ""; display: block; clear: both; } READ: Music in the Biography of an Ex-Colored man EssayThe book also shows how things that happen in childhood effect adult life. For example Rose, An-meis daughter was always responsible to care for her little brothers growing up. At the beach one day three of her brothers were fighting so she was told to break it up, but at that same time her youngest brother, Bing fell into the water without a trace. They looked everywhere for him but they gave up. They ended up finding Bings body the next morning. Later in her life Rose came to her mother telling her that she and her husband Ted were getting a divorce. They dated for many years before resulting in the both of them clinging to each other. Ted made all the decisions, but after he lost in a lawsuit he started to push Rose to make some of the decisions and said that she resisted in taking on any responsibility and blame. Her marriage was a result of her brothers death and thinking although it was not her fault that it was her fault. Also another example of this is that Suyuan pushed her daughter, Jing-mei to become things that she was not. She wanted Jing-mei to become a pianist so she made her take lessons but Jing-mei never practiced. Suyuan and the piano teacher entered Jing-mei in a talent contest, but Jing-mei did very bad. As a child Jing-mei felt that she could never live up to her mothers high expectations. Suyuan did not realize how much her disappointment affected Jing-mei as a child. The book also speaks about how children take after their parental figures and internalize, even without meaning to, what their parent has  taught them. An example of this is that Lena, Ying-Yings daughter has been married to her husband Harold for eight years and they split the cost of everything equally, although Lena consumes far less than Harold. Lena got Harold to open his own business and worked there as a project coordinator. She also gave him the idea of opening up a restaurant. When Ying-ying goes to visit them she notices the list of shared items on the refrigerator has ice cream on it. She also knows that Lena does not like ice cream and tells Lena that they must not share ice cream, so Lena tells Harold that and he agrees, but Lena picks a fight anyway. During the fight Ying-ying breaks a vase on the table and asks Lena why she didnt stop it. Lena is silent in her marriage because she saw her mother silent in hers. Ying-ying tires to teach her daughter that expressing her wishes is not selfish on her visit because she does not want her daughter to make the same mistake she did. Another example of this is that a few months before her death, Suyuan cooked a crab dinner for the Chinese New Year. There was eleven people coming, but Suyuan hadnt counted one. The guests chose the best crabs, and when Jing-mei went to choose a crab she was going to pick the one with a missing leg, but her mother insisted that she choose the better of the remaining two. This shows that Jing-mei is different than the others, but the others had to have the best just like their mothers. Another part of the book touches on how the mother shows her daughter how to grow beyond her innocence without losing hope. It also shows how when a mother learns from her mistakes how she tries to teach her daughter without having to make the same mistake. Also this book demonstrates that the older generation can and does learn from the younger generation. An example of this is that due to Lenas marriage trouble it forces Ying-ying to confront her painful first marriage. .ucca3949a52b944ec8529f7e9b1634d44 , .ucca3949a52b944ec8529f7e9b1634d44 .postImageUrl , .ucca3949a52b944ec8529f7e9b1634d44 .centered-text-area { min-height: 80px; position: relative; } .ucca3949a52b944ec8529f7e9b1634d44 , .ucca3949a52b944ec8529f7e9b1634d44:hover , .ucca3949a52b944ec8529f7e9b1634d44:visited , .ucca3949a52b944ec8529f7e9b1634d44:active { border:0!important; } .ucca3949a52b944ec8529f7e9b1634d44 .clearfix:after { content: ""; display: table; clear: both; } .ucca3949a52b944ec8529f7e9b1634d44 { display: block; transition: background-color 250ms; webkit-transition: background-color 250ms; width: 100%; opacity: 1; transition: opacity 250ms; webkit-transition: opacity 250ms; background-color: #95A5A6; } .ucca3949a52b944ec8529f7e9b1634d44:active , .ucca3949a52b944ec8529f7e9b1634d44:hover { opacity: 1; transition: opacity 250ms; webkit-transition: opacity 250ms; background-color: #2C3E50; } .ucca3949a52b944ec8529f7e9b1634d44 .centered-text-area { width: 100%; position: relative ; } .ucca3949a52b944ec8529f7e9b1634d44 .ctaText { border-bottom: 0 solid #fff; color: #2980B9; font-size: 16px; font-weight: bold; margin: 0; padding: 0; text-decoration: underline; } .ucca3949a52b944ec8529f7e9b1634d44 .postTitle { color: #FFFFFF; font-size: 16px; font-weight: 600; margin: 0; padding: 0; width: 100%; } .ucca3949a52b944ec8529f7e9b1634d44 .ctaButton { background-color: #7F8C8D!important; color: #2980B9; border: none; border-radius: 3px; box-shadow: none; font-size: 14px; font-weight: bold; line-height: 26px; moz-border-radius: 3px; text-align: center; text-decoration: none; text-shadow: none; width: 80px; min-height: 80px; background: url(https://artscolumbia.org/wp-content/plugins/intelly-related-posts/assets/images/simple-arrow.png)no-repeat; position: absolute; right: 0; top: 0; } .ucca3949a52b944ec8529f7e9b1634d44:hover .ctaButton { background-color: #34495E!important; } .ucca3949a52b944ec8529f7e9b1634d44 .centered-text { display: table; height: 80px; padding-left : 18px; top: 0; } .ucca3949a52b944ec8529f7e9b1634d44 .ucca3949a52b944ec8529f7e9b1634d44-content { display: table-cell; margin: 0; padding: 0; padding-right: 108px; position: relative; vertical-align: middle; width: 100%; } .ucca3949a52b944ec8529f7e9b1634d44:after { content: ""; display: block; clear: both; } READ: Andy Warhol, Prince of Pop: Biography EssayAnother major point this book touches upon is the fact that the American-raised daughters are Chinese not just through genes, but in personality, culture, loyalty, and respect. As a teen, Jing-mei refused her Chinese heritage and didnt even want to believe she was Chinese at all until she went to China after her mothers death to meet her half sisters. While in China Jing-mei finds out that she did appreciate her mother although she was worried that she didnt and knew nothing about her. She also realizes that she did not have to prove her Chinese identity to her two half sisters, that she belongs to their family automatically becau se of Suyuan. After her trip to China she found her mother and stops feeling doubt of her and Suyuans relationship with each other. In The Joy Luck Club each mother and daughter learned different things from each  other. Also, it talks about the transition from China to America and how the Chinese raised mothers must raise their daughters in America but keep their Chinese values. Jing-meis story represents her mother to her two half sisters as well as the struggle of relationships between mother and daughter.

Differring Religions Essays - English Reformation, Congregationalism

Differring Religions Each religious group possesses its' own individual world- view. Two groups, which vary a great deal when reflecting upon their world-views are the Native Americans and the Puritans. While one group holds one set of standards and beliefs to be true, the other group abides by a completely opposite set of ideas. The Native American religion functions using its' own world ?view. Unlike in Western religions, the Native American religion does not have certain places in which they need to be more religious than others do. In the Native American religion there is no notion of essential monotheism. There is no one true god in their religion; therefore they are free to have open-ended worship. The Native American religion is also made up of a pluralist belief. This means that different tribes have different myths and rituals, although they are all part of the same religion. In the handout, ?Franciscans and Indian Revolt?, the idea that the world-view of Native American religion differs from many others is evident. The main conflict in this reading is that men dominate most positions in religious power. The Shaman, the Native American religious leader, manipulated the people through rituals and trances. He was said to possess supernatural powers. The Shaman was both feared and admired by the Native Americans. He was known to have the ability to either heal a sick man, or kill him. It was these types of powers, which set him apart from the Jesuit priest in the reading. Originally the Native Americans despised the entire Jesuit religion. The hated their clothing, their ideas, the way they went about their lives, etc. However, the Jesuits immunity to disease made the Native Americans take notice of them. It was through this that they began to admire their ?powers?. The Native Americans saw the Jesuits as sorcerers, just as the Jesuits saw them. The Jesuits ritual of baptism made the Indians believe that Jesuits had the power to kill people with water. The Jesuits were also able to read and write, which greatly impressed the Native Americans. In the reading ?French Views of Native Americans?, the Native-Americans are described as ? they are I say, savage, haunting the woods, ignorant, lawless and rude.? They reading continues to go on referring to them as wanderers and basically a senseless use of human life. The French formed these opinions of the Native Americans when they went to them to try and convert them to Catholicism. The Native Americans had difficulty acquiring the new language, which left the French men angry and frustrated. This entire reading explains why the French men have such a great hatred of the Native Americans, however they will continue to try to convert the Native American people to Christian and Catholic belief. Many of the world-views of the Native American religion are quite different from those of the Puritans. The Puritan religion was once the central part of American identity. Unlike the Native Americans, the Puritans were a highly intellectual group. They had systems of meticulously written doctrines concerning the Renaissance. The Puritans also had a sense of adventure, which serves a higher intent. By having this characteristic they seek to create a better society. This is the opposite of what the French believed the Native Americans to be doing. According to the French reading ? they are wanderers, with nothing to attach them to a place, neither homes nor relationships, neither possessions nor love of country.? This description is on the opposite end of the spectrum from the Puritan life. The Puritans attribute their want for a better society to their pioneering spirit. They had the courage to come from England and settle their families in a new place and begin an entire new life with no guarantee of success. Puritans focus their religious beliefs around the notion of the covenant. This is yet another example of the difference between Puritan and Native American world-views. The Native Americans do not have one central ideal to follow, nor one God to praise. The covenant is the basic doctrine of Puritan experience. It is the notion that God makes people his own good people. There are three parts to the Puritan covenant. The first

Free Essays on Greek Architecture- A Portrayal Of Greatness

Rachel Jones Jones 1 Mrs. Wiseberger World History 31 October 2004 Ancient Greek Architecture- A Portrayal of Greatness â€Å"Greek architecture: the art of building that arose on the shores of the Aegean Sea and flourished in the ancient world.† (Columbia Encyclopedia) Ancient Greek architecture began with the admiration of ancient Egyptian architecture, and much of the same concepts are applied to this very day. They modeled many aspects of Egyptian architecture and refined their structural imprecision to develop their very own unique style. The Romans, along with other civilizations, admired their unique architectural fashion and borrowed these characteristics to mold and shape a distinct style of their very own. Ancient Greece is known to be one of the greatest influences to present-day architecture. (Arrowhead) The ancient Greeks loved life, and lived it with unmatchable gusto. They were a unique people who prized differences in personality and character. They believed individuality to be the foundation of their society, and individuals should be free as long as they acted within the laws of Greece. They highly respected intellectuals, and the concept of deep thinking. The strong emphasis placed upon intellectuality and individualism allowed them to excel in any area they desired. Greeks believed in striving for excellence no matter how big the challenge. Such an avid devotion for Jones 2 excellence paved the way for their many extraordinary accomplishments. (Arrowhead and Greek Culture) The elegance of Greek architecture reveals their aspiration for beauty in distinction. They possessed several different methods of construction, which are still admired and often practiced today. The earliest method consists of rectangular temples of wood with simple post-and-lintel construction. By the fifth century B.C., trees suitable for use were next to impossible to find as a result of deforestation. Architects de... Free Essays on Greek Architecture- A Portrayal Of Greatness Free Essays on Greek Architecture- A Portrayal Of Greatness Rachel Jones Jones 1 Mrs. Wiseberger World History 31 October 2004 Ancient Greek Architecture- A Portrayal of Greatness â€Å"Greek architecture: the art of building that arose on the shores of the Aegean Sea and flourished in the ancient world.† (Columbia Encyclopedia) Ancient Greek architecture began with the admiration of ancient Egyptian architecture, and much of the same concepts are applied to this very day. They modeled many aspects of Egyptian architecture and refined their structural imprecision to develop their very own unique style. The Romans, along with other civilizations, admired their unique architectural fashion and borrowed these characteristics to mold and shape a distinct style of their very own. Ancient Greece is known to be one of the greatest influences to present-day architecture. (Arrowhead) The ancient Greeks loved life, and lived it with unmatchable gusto. They were a unique people who prized differences in personality and character. They believed individuality to be the foundation of their society, and individuals should be free as long as they acted within the laws of Greece. They highly respected intellectuals, and the concept of deep thinking. The strong emphasis placed upon intellectuality and individualism allowed them to excel in any area they desired. Greeks believed in striving for excellence no matter how big the challenge. Such an avid devotion for Jones 2 excellence paved the way for their many extraordinary accomplishments. (Arrowhead and Greek Culture) The elegance of Greek architecture reveals their aspiration for beauty in distinction. They possessed several different methods of construction, which are still admired and often practiced today. The earliest method consists of rectangular temples of wood with simple post-and-lintel construction. By the fifth century B.C., trees suitable for use were next to impossible to find as a result of deforestation. Architects de...

School of Nursing Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 500 words

School of Nursing - Essay Example I feel that there would be plenty of opportunities for me after I earn a degree in nursing. I also think that this profession is very rewarding. Besides the fact that this would give me financial stability, being a nurse would give me an opportunity to practice a profession that focuses mainly on the well being of other people. Five years from now, I see myself practicing this career on a full-time basis and in one of the big hospitals in Florida. As mentioned above, I am currently involved in doing health care as a Nursing Assistant. By taking up Nursing, I would be moving up one step further to being able to be of service in the field of medicine and health care. I feel that this is a job that I would truly enjoy doing for a long time. Ten years from now, I see myself still continuing this profession and perhaps, looking forward to the  studying a particular area of specialization. I am aware that this field continues to evolve with the discovery of new diseases and medicines. Wi th this knowledge, I wish to further pursue post graduate studies so that I would continue to be competitive and qualified to provide nursing services. My admission into the Seminole Community College’s basic nursing program serves as a great challenge for me. My performance as a student under this program would determine if I would be qualified to further participate in SCC’s.My admission into Seminole Community College’s basic nursing program serves as a great challenge for me.

(Annotated Bibligraphy) Finding 10 acadamic secondary sources and Essay

(Annotated Bibligraphy) Finding 10 acadamic secondary sources and writing a brief description(each 3 sentences) - Essay Example Harris, Leonard. "Cosmopolitanism and the African Renaissance: Pixley I. Seme and Alain L. Locke." International Journal of African Renaissance Studies 4.2 (2009): 181-192. Academic Search Complete. EBSCO. Web. 23 Oct. 2011. This academic journal article discusses the relationship between key actors in the Harlem Renaissance and the foundation of the Civil Rights Movement. The author suggests that the relationship between Seme (African National Congress) and Alain Locke helped fuel Lock’s writings that initiated the â€Å"New Negro Movement† and the Harlem Renaissance. This article gives new perspectives on the black rights movements discussed by Howard Zinn. This review analyzes the poem "Harlem Shadows" by Claude McKay. It discusses the conflict between Mckay’s British-based and formal writing styles with his role in the Harlem Renaissance. The article argues, as did McKay himself, that his mastery writing only allowed greater freedom to express his views and did not detract from his position of black oppression. By also discussing the structural component of his work, this review provides great in-depth information on the poem and the poet. This is a scholarly article dealing with the structure of social movements with particular attention to the Civil Rights Movement. The author argues that social movements are, at root, culture production agents and always produce new cultural forms in the course of struggle. In this sense, the new cultural form was a foundation for equality. The author describes seven components of social movements to help better understand the social implications of the Civil Rights Movement. This article takes the historical basis of the Civil Rights movement covered in Zinn’s â€Å"Or Does it Explode† and puts it into a modern perspective. It was written for the NAACP as an analysis of how well the Civil Rights movement worked and its influence in today’s world. It describes the long process

The strategies adopted by given organizations

The strategies adopted by given organizations Any management strategy adopted by a given organization or enterprise is always aimed at producing practical results in tandem with the existing organizational goals and objectives (Galie and Bopst, 2006). Several management theories and practices have been in place since time immemorial and always undergo improvements and optimization in order to give best results. The criteria followed when selecting a given management approach is influenced by several factors such as resource availability, organizational structures, operational costs and efficiencies, types and levels of diversifications, socio-economic factors, political and cultural factors, human resource development, international relations, among others (Ma, 1999). The primary objective of this paper is to discuss the various management theories that have been in place since 1900 and the various factors that have influenced their evolution, and adoption in organizational management. For better understanding, a comparison of the organizational perspectives using the basic characteristics and properties of the mechanistic and the organic organizational designs shall be briefly highlighted in the paper. Management theories provide logical theoretical frameworks applicable in the administration and general management of organizations and business enterprises. These theories basically act as a springboard or foundations that help guide enterprises toward achieving their set goals and objectives (Weymes, 2004, 85). In most cases however, the scientific management approach has been used a model in the managerial elements of organizations. In this case, organizations and business enterprises carry out systematic analysis of this model and modify most of its characteristic aspects in order to suit specific managerial requirements (DuBrin, 2006). Precautionary measures are usually put in place to ensure the fundamentals of this management strategy are upheld at all times. For the last one century (period between 1900 and 2000), the management theory is said to assume a developmental and progressive nature that puts into consideration the emerging trends and needs (environmental and internal needs) of organizations through appropriate response and adaptation mechanisms. In this domain, there are several approaches namely the classical approach, the quantitative approach, the human resource approach, the systems perspectives, the contingency approach, and the information communication technology (ICT) approach. The Quantitative Approach In management, the quantitative approach revolves around maximum utilization of a group of techniques and methods to aid the decision making process. This approach is derived from the scientific model and is often referred to as operations research and/or management science. In operations research, several scientific and mathematical analytical tools are broadly applied in deriving optimal management solutions. Such quantitative tools include, but are not limited to linear programming, statistics, queuing theory, the game theory, network analysis, and decision trees. The managerial applications utilizing the quantitative approach include quality control, quality assurance and inventory control (DuBrin, 2006). The Classical Approach In management, the classical approach includes a general combination of both administrative and scientific management. In this regard, scientific management involves broad application of scientific techniques and approaches with the overall aim of boosting the productivity and general performance of individual workers in a given organization. Administrative management on the other hand revolves around appropriate use of best management practices in the structuring, reorganization and general management of the organization (DuBrin, 2006). The Human Resource Approach This model applies the psychological facet of human nature in organizational management. The approach puts more emphasis on people management through proper understanding of their mindsets and individual needs (Gomberg, 1985). Major characteristics of the human resource approach revolve around the Hawthorne effect which is basically the study of human behaviour in response to apparent attention from evaluators/auditors. Secondly, the human resource model utilizes various components of the McGregorà ¢Ãƒ ¢Ã¢â‚¬Å¡Ã‚ ¬Ãƒ ¢Ã¢â‚¬Å¾Ã‚ ¢s Theories X and Y, particularly in regard to human nature with specific reference to responsibility and work (Murphy, 2003). Lastly, this approach incorporates the Maslowà ¢Ãƒ ¢Ã¢â‚¬Å¡Ã‚ ¬Ãƒ ¢Ã¢â‚¬Å¾Ã‚ ¢s hierarchy of needs, spreading out from the very basic wants to those intended for leisure and self-actualization. Manpower development approaches, organizational behaviour theories and human resource management are based on the fundamental principles of this theory. The Systems Perspective This approach creates an analogy between an organization and a system made up of several intertwined features and components (Murphy, 2003). There are several management theories applicable fro the systems perspective e.g. strategic management theories of collaborative and competitive advantage, the innovation and competence theory, the human resource management and organizational behaviour, the resource-based view i.e. the theory of competitive advantage, etc (DuBrin, 2006). The systems perspective is an imperative method since the interlinking and interaction of existing capabilities, systems and internal resources can be used to give a better explanation of the changing trends and responsive nature of organizations towards their surrounding environment (Murphy, 2003). The Contingency Approach This is a management tool that appreciates the fact that no single management tool can be regarded as the best practice to effectively manage people and work in every prevailing situation. Based on this perception, this approach encourages the management teams to fully analyse situational and individual differences before settling on a given approach or solution (DuBrin, 2006). The innovation and competence theory and the strategic management theories of collaborative and competitive advantage, coupled with the perspectives of industrial organization utilize the various elements of the contingency approach in optimization and in carrying out improvements. The contingency approach also puts into consideration the different organizational and environmental structures and needs that influence an organization, together with other factors such as resource availability and capabilities with respect to individual organizations (DuBrin, 2006). The ICT (Information Communications Technology) Approach This approach has been influenced by the technological advancements in the various fields of ICT, including the internet. The developments in this field have several positive impacts on the organisational behaviour and the general conduct of managers and workers. The management theories utilizing the ICT approach include the supply chain management (i.e. procurement, distribution, logistics inventory theories), the strategic management practices and knowledge technology management (Murphy, 2003). Basic Characteristics of Types of Organizational Design The table below summarizes the two extreme ends that can be applied in organizational design and management Table 1.1: Basic Properties of Types of Organizational Design (Source: Derived from, Murphy, 2003, pp. 14) Organizational Feature Organic Mechanistic Centres of Power/ Authority Few Many Division of Labour Low High Power Base Expertise/ Merit Position Interrelations within the organization Many Few Use of Strict Rules, Regulations and Procedures Low High Primary objective / purpose Responsiveness, Adaptability, Flexibility Efficiency Based on the above discussions, it can be deduced that several management approaches can be used when dealing with various situations. There is no way one single approach can fully satisfy all the needs and demands of the organization (Robbins, et al, 2006). Compromise and optimization of all the above approaches can be utilized in deriving the best management practice that is result oriented. In scenarios characterised by complex, uncertain, ambiguous and volatile conditions, it is quite in order to restructure organizations by adopting strategies that can best fit the challenges posed by the prevailing circumstances. Conclusion

Assessment Portfolio and Analysis Essay

The purpose of assessment. b.Your plan for including assessment when working with children. c.How you can use assessment to document children’s work. d.How you will use children’s interests and ideas when assessing. Assessment Portfolio and Analysis The mission is to help children/students to better themselves and be able to finish any task that they have started to the fullest. The goal is to determine where the child is at developmentally/educationally. I will learn where the child stands, what they already know and how farther they can be pushed to achieving our goal. According to the text, â€Å"Assessment is the process of gathering information about children from several forms of evidence, then organizing and interpreting that information† (Wortham, S.C. (2012). I know that it is the teacher’s responsibility to test the students, from that the teacher will be able to understand where each individual child stands. My plan for including assessment when working with children is to be able to carefully be assess the child and take my time. I will make accurate decisions regarding the child and will include the child’s parents as well for their input. One way that I can use assessment to document the child’s work is through portfolio. According to teacher.scholastic.com, â€Å"These purposeful collections of children’s work illustrate their efforts, progress, and achievements over time. Teachers and children can compile the collections together from work completed in the classroom. As they talk together about the child’s interests and progress, they develop new activities for the child to focus on.† (http://teacher.scholastic.com/professional/assessment/perfassess.htm)

Different Theories of Management Essay

Nowadays we have new implementing plans for management. The different theories of management are: classical, behavioral, quantitative and quality management theory, systematic and contingency management theory. The classical management theory focuses on finding the â€Å"one best way† to accomplish and manage task (p. 37,2008. W. Plunkett, R. Attner, G. Allen). The behavioral management theory recognizes employees as individuals with real human needs. It is very important for the manager to establish trusted relationships and value his/her employees. Successful leader will put his staff first. Good communication with employees- key to success! From my personal experience, I had bad first-level management in our department. The most important, I felt that, they are using employees as a machine in the factory, like in old days practices. There were no communication connection between workers and â€Å"the boss†. All they wanted to know your working schedule: â€Å"When are you coming to work or can you stay late today? â€Å" I could not work there for a long time. There was no teamwork feeling and very poor customer service. Now, I have a better place to work, where the leaders appreciate and value you. I definitely have closer relationship with management. Our manager has a good communication skills, she creates a warm, productive atmosphere. We solve problems together as a team. I am proud to say that we only get a positive feedback from our customers. The quantitative management theory uses mathematical tools to help plan, control and analyze nearly everything in an organization. Quality management process is leading to ability to meet the needs of the customers. Total quality comes from satisfied customers. The systems management theory powers that an organization comprises various parts that must perform tasks necessary for the survival and proper functioning of the system as a whole. Human resources management is a core of the organization, because those people responsible for interviewing people and checking their professional skills. The contingency management theory is based on the premise that manager’s preferred actions or approaches depend on the variables of the situations they face (p. 50,2008). Early Management Theories In the past, the old system required the boss to do everything. For example, to manage, planning, processing, thinking, finance and analyze budget. Frederick Taylor (1856-1915) â€Å"The Father of Scientific Management†. Scientific Management theory arose from the need to increase productivity in the U. S. A. especially, where skilled labor was in short supply at the beginning of the twentieth century. The only way to expand productivity was to raise the efficiency of workers. Taylor devised four principles for scientific management theory, which were: 1. The development of a true science of management, 2. The scientific selection and training of workers, 3.  Proper remuneration for fast and high-quality work 4. Equal division of work and responsibility between worker and manager Successful management requires an understanding of the fundamental concepts of effective management techniques and principles. In order to gain such insight, and manage effectively and efficiently, managers must develop an awareness of past management principles, models and theories. From the turn of the 20th Century, the need for a formal management theory was growing evident; organizations required a system to guide managers in an attempt to improve productivity and efficiency of workers. This urgency for a theory saw the development of six major management approaches, the focus of this essay will be on two of the classical management theories; the scientific management theory and the human relations movement. The contributions of both these theories will be examined, followed by an analysis of the similarities and differences that these two theories propose. The last point will see a discussion of the relevance that these two theories have in modern managerial practice.

Adidas Economics - 1717 Words

[pic][pic] [pic] Economics of Adidas by Georgi Kolev Sem03 2011 Table of Contents: 1. Traditional organization forms of a company and kinds of risks involved in each of the different forms. 3 2. Factors in the economic environment influencing the business of Adidas © 4 3. Adidas © and Porter’s 5 Forces model. 5 -3.1 Major factors from each force and how they influence the industry. 5 1. Traditional organization forms of a company and kinds of risks involved in each of the different forms. Organization of different companies is always different. It usually depends on the size of the firm and could be one of the following - U form (unitary form), M Form (multidivisional form), Flat organization, H-form (Holding†¦show more content†¦It is good to keep in mind that even though one company may be a holding the smaller companies within it usually maintain their right to make strategic decisions. Possible problems can be the differences that the parent could have opposed to the interests of the controlled companies (holdings). 2. Factors in the economic environment influencing the business of Adidas © Economic factors are one of the major influences on a company’s success and the social, technological, environmental, ethical and legal factors could all interfere with the operations of companies in different industries in one way or the other. In the case of Adidas it is obvious that the different markets the company is positioning itself into are creating a relevant amount of economic factors that the company has to assess on a regular basis. Political factors Athletic companies are a major distributor of clothing and accessories in every country and it is obvious that they are affected by laws and political tensions in different countries. Adidas is a major part of the oligopolistic market of athletic apparel in world scale together with other brands like Nike ©, Puma © and Fila ©. National and international tax policies, employment laws, trade restrictions and regulations have major effect on the company operation. Microeconomic factors The sports industry is an oligopolistic market and the competition is highly competitive. Rivals toShow MoreRelatedAdidas Brand Audit1291 Words   |  6 Pages------------------------------------------------- Adidas Background Adidas AG is German manufacturer of sporting goods and parent company of Adidas group that consists of the Reebok sportswear company, TaylorMade-Adidas golf company and Rockport. Based in Herzogenaurach, Germany, Adidas is the leading sportswear manufacturer in Europe and the world’s second largest sporting goods manufacturer. Adidas has two sub-brands namely Adidas Sports Performance and Adidas Sports Style. 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Situation AnalysisRead MoreAdidas Is One of the Largest Companies in the Sporting Goods Industry.3166 Words   |  13 PagesADIDAS MARKETING COMMUNICATIONS EFFECTIENESS ADIDAS MARKETING COMMUNICATIONS EFFECTIVENESS TABLE OF CONTENT 1.Executive summary†¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦...3 2.Introduction 2.1 Adidas Overview†¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦...3 2.2 Europe sports equipment market overview†¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦...4, 5, 6 3.Situtational Analysis 3.1 PESTEL Analysis†¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦..7, 8 3.2 Porter’s Five Forces Analysis†¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦...9 3.3 SWOT Analysis†¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦.10, 11 4.Consumer Analysis†¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦12, 13 5.Marketing